The armed conflicts in and around Syria, have led to an unprecedented flood of refugees coming to Europe. The “refugee crisis” has become the defining political issue and this debate is not only being held in a factual manner. Prejudices and fears are being promoted. It is therefore all the more important that this work here presents the facts and that central terms are clarified in a compact form. The refugee policy of Austria and the EU up until now is depicted and a dozen best practice examples from Austria and Europe are presented that show a humane treatment of refugees and successful integration.